We first introduce the molecular marker systems and whole-genome sequence data that are available for fruit tree breeding. In this article, we describe the potential of genomics-assisted breeding, which uses these novel genomics-based approaches, to break through these barriers in conventional fruit tree breeding.
The breeding of fruit trees is hindered by their long generation time, large plant size, long juvenile phase, and the necessity to wait for the physiological maturity of the plant to assess the marketable product (fruit). Novel genomics-based approaches for plant breeding and genetics research, such as genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and genomic selection (GS), are useful, especially in fruit tree breeding.
Recent advancements in genomic analysis technologies have opened up new avenues to promote the efficiency of plant breeding. Iwata, Hiroyoshi Minamikawa, Mai F Kajiya-Kanegae, Hiromi Ishimori, Motoyuki Hayashi, Takeshi Genomics-assisted breeding in fruit trees. An inability to initiate new crops at low temperatures may limit the distribution of monoecious fig trees to warmer areas. Despite this, new crops produced in spring were pollinated, with seasonally migrant pollinators from plants growing further south the most likely pollen vectors. Relatively few trees produced any figs, and very few retained figs throughout the winter. Close to its northern range limit we investigated the phenology of Ficus virens, the monoecious fig tree that reaches furthest north in China. Adult fig wasps are short-lived, but some species are capable of dispersing extremely long distances to pollinate their hosts. Factors limiting their distributions to warmer regions are still poorly understood, but are likely to include factors linked to their specialised pollination biology, because each Ficus species is dependent on one or a small number of host-specific fig wasps (Agaonidae) for pollination. Xiao, Hui Lu, Qian Chen, Yanįig trees (Ficus) are a species-rich group of mainly tropical and subtropical plants that are of ecological importance because of the large numbers of vertebrates that utilise their figs for food. Living on the edge: Fig tree phenology at the northern range limit of monoecious Ficus in China
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